What are muscle cramps?

Muscle cramps are sudden involuntary painful contractions of an individual muscle or muscle group. Commonly caused by dehydration, electrolyte and mineral losses. Often caused by overuse of muscles; prolonged exercise or standing and working in extreme heat. 

Prevention:

Hydrating before exercise with fluids, minerals (zinc, magnesium) and electrolytes (sodium, chloride, potassium. Dr Raindrop Hydration system contains everything you need. 

Dynamic stretching to warm up muscles and static stretches before bed have shown to help.

Risk factors:

People taking certain medications such as diuretics, statins for cholesterol, inhalers and certain diabetic medications are at risk of dehydration, electrolyte and mineral losses. Pregnant, lactating woman and those sweating excessively are at highest risk. 

How to stop acute muscle cramps?

Stretch muscles in the opposite to the cramp. This helps break the muscle contraction. Applying heat compresses can provide relief.

When to seek medical attention:

If you are experiencing frequent cramping despite adequate hydration with fluid and electrolytes. You should also seek medical attention if there is associated muscle weakness, swelling. If cramping pain is provoked by exercise and resolves after stopping exercise this can indicate poor circulation and needs to be worked up.